History & recipes

The rice of Spain, town by town.

Rice came to the Iberian Peninsula with the irrigation channels of al-Andalus. Over the centuries it turned into hundreds of local dishes, each with its own pan, fire and broth. Here they are, with the history behind each one and a detailed recipe to cook it.

Explore the dishes
108Recipes
13Regions

Seco, meloso or caldoso?

Every rice is a question of water.

108 dishes

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arrocito del Grau de Castelló

Arrosset del Grau

El Grau is Castelló's fishermen's quarter, built around the port and its fish auction (llotja).

Castelló

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz a Banda

Arròs a Banda

"A banda" means "apart" or "on the side". The dish was the fishermen's way of turning the unsaleable catch (morralla: rockfish, scorpionfish, weever, gurnard, small crabs) into two meals.

Alacant · València

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz a la Alicantina

Arròs a l'Alacantina

Alicante's own mar i muntanya (sea and mountain) paella.

Alacant

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz a la Asturiana

Arroz con Cosas Asturiano

A generous Sunday "arroz con cosas" ("rice with things") of Asturian homes. It brings together the region's pork and poultry: pork ribs, lean pork or fresh ham, chicken, fresh white sausages and fresh chorizo, with peas.

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz a la Cazuela

Arròs a la Cassola

The Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana defines arròs a la cassola as rice cooked in a cassola "with fish, meat, poultry, vegetables, etc.", a dish that "admits many combinations".

Cataluña

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz a la Cubana (Canarias)

Arroz con Huevo y Plátano

A plate of white rice, tomato sauce, fried egg and fried plantain or banana (in Canarias, the local plátano de Canarias), sometimes with papas fritas or a sausage.

Canarias · Comunidad de Madrid

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz a la Sevillana

Arroz con Cosas

Sevilla province is Spain's leading rice producer. The marismas del Guadalquivir around Isla Mayor were drained and put under rice in the 20th century, notably by Valencian growers who settled there from the 1920s–1930s.

Andalucía

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz a la Zamorana

Arroz Zamorano

Arroz a la zamorana is Castilla y León's great rice and a child of the matanza (pig slaughter). Rural families in the Aliste comarca used every part of the pig.

Castilla y León

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz a la Zaragozana

Arroz a la Aragonesa

Aragonese home cooking adds rice to stews (cazuela aragonesa, colas de cordero with rice, conejo en salmorejo with rice) rather than cooking it in a flat pan. A rice "a la zaragozana" would follow that logic.

Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz al Horno

Arròs al Forn

Arròs al forn is the rice of the olla. It was invented to use the broth, chickpeas and meat left over from Saturday's cocido (olla or putxero).

València

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz al Horno con Guisantes

Arròs al Forn amb Pèsols

The spring version of arròs al forn.

València

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz al Horno con Pasas y Garbanzos

Arròs al Forn amb Panses i Cigrons (Arròs Viudo)

The Lenten twin of arròs al forn. It is an arròs viudo ("widowed rice") "que no se acompaña de ninguna carne", in which raisins and chickpeas replace the pork, sausages and morcilla.

València

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz al Horno de Alubias y Nabos

Arròs al Forn de Fesols i Naps

The well-known arròs amb fesols i naps is a soupy winter pot. This is its oven-baked form, and a meatless one: just beans, turnip or nap-i-col (kohlrabi), a head of garlic, oil, paprika and black pepper.

València

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz al Horno de Anguilas y Judías

Arròs al Forn d'Anguiles i Bajoques

A rare baked rice that puts eel, the fish of L'Albufera's all i pebre, together with the paella vegetables: bajoqueta, tavella and garrofó.

València

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz Amarillo Canario

Arroz Canario

Canarian cooking sits between Castile, Andalucía, Africa and the Americas, and rice reached the islands' everyday tables partly through the return of emigrants from Cuba and Venezuela.

Canarias

Meloso · creamyCaldero

Arroz Caldero del Mar Menor

Caldero Murciano

According to the San Pedro del Pinatar town council, the caldero goes back to the 19th century, when Mar Menor fishermen cooked the fish that wouldn't sell at market in iron pots on board.

Región de Murcia

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Caldoso con Bogavante

Arròs Caldós amb Llamàntol

Arroz caldoso con bogavante is the coast's celebration rice. It is ordered for Sunday lunches, Christmas and family gatherings, and one Alicante blog describes it as a festive staple of the comarca.

Alacant · València

Caldoso · brothyOlla

Arroz Caldoso con Bogavante del Cantábrico

Arroz con Lumbrigante (Rinlo y la Mariña)

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Caldoso con Colitas de Cangrejo de Isla Mayor

Arroz con Cangrejos de las Marismas

Isla Mayor was born from rice: paddies were laid out in the Guadalquivir marshes in the first half of the 20th century, and the town grew around them (see the history page for the settlement debate).

Andalucía

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Caldoso con Pato de las Marismas

Arroz de Pato Cortijero

The rice paddies of the Guadalquivir marshes are Spain's largest rice-growing area, and like L'Albufera they are full of waterfowl.

Andalucía

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Caldoso de Isla Cristina

Arroz Caldoso con Almejas y Marisco Onubense

Isla Cristina is one of Spain's major fishing ports.

Andalucía

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Caldoso de Langostinos de Vinaròs

Arròs Caldós de Llagostins de Vinaròs

The Llagostí de Vinaròs (Penaeus kerathurus, the striped prawn) is caught on the sandy, Ebro-fed bottoms off Vinaròs.

Castelló

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Caldoso de Sepia y Coliflor

Arròs de Sèpia i Col-i-flor

A winter soupy rice in which the cuttlefish is boiled for half an hour first. This is unusual, since most recipes sear it. The boiling makes a broth and tenderises the cuttlefish.

València

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz Campero Andaluz

Arroz con Cosas (de Campo)

Andalucía

Caldoso · brothyOlla

Arroz Clarico (con Hierbabuena)

Arroz Clarico de la Vega Baja

The name says it all: clarico is the affectionate Vega Baja and Murcian diminutive of claro ("thin, clear").

Alacant · Región de Murcia

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz con Acelgas

Arròs amb Bledes (Arròs en Banderetes)

Arròs amb bledes is the definitive Lenten (Quaresma) rice. It contains no meat and is built on chard, white beans and potato, all huerta products available through late winter.

València

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Alcachofas de Benicarló

Arròs amb Carxofes de Benicarló

The Alcachofa de Benicarló has held a Denominación de Origen since 18 September 1998.

Castelló

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz con Almejas

Arroz con Ameixas

Galicia's rías are among Europe's richest shellfish grounds. Carril (Vilagarcía) is famous for its clams, and the mariscadoras who gather them on foot are a cultural institution.

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz con Alubias y Nabos

Arròs amb (en) Fesols i Naps

This is the great winter rice of the Valencian countryside. It is also known as caldera, caldera de l'horta, olla pobre or arròs junt.

València

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz con Bacalao de Vigilia (La Mancha y Extremadura)

Arroz de Cuaresma

Salt cod was the protein of Lent across inland Spain, far from fresh fish. It arrived by mule and rail, preserved in salt.

Castilla-La Mancha y Extremadura

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Bacalao y Coliflor

Arròs amb Bacallà i Coliflor

This is a Lent and Holy Week rice (Quaresma, Setmana Santa).

Alacant · València

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Boquerones y Pava (Coliflor)

Arroz Huertano de Boquerones

A huerta rice that marries the cheapest Mediterranean fish, the boquerón (fresh anchovy), with winter cauliflower, two bunches of ajos tiernos and red pepper.

Región de Murcia

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz con Borrajas y Almejas

Borrajas con Arroz y Almejas

Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja

Meloso · creamyOlla

Arroz con Cangrejos (La Bañeza)

Arroz con Cangrejos de Río Bañezano

La Bañeza's crayfish tradition is "more than two centuries" old, according to the RENC source.

Castilla y León

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz con Chipirones y Ajos Tiernos

Arròs amb Xipirons i Alls Tendres

A spring rice of the Alicante coast. Small squid (chipirones, Valencian xipirons) are paired with young garlic (ajos tiernos), which appears in the huertas from late winter.

Alacant

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz con Choco

Onubense

People from Huelva are nicknamed choqueros because of their attachment to the choco, the local cuttlefish: very tender, with short tentacles.

Andalucía

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Conejo

Arròs amb Conill

The rabbit was the countryside's most accessible meat: bred in every farmyard (conejo de corral) or hunted in the monte. Snails, by contrast, are seasonal and laborious.

Alacant · València · Región de Murcia

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles

Arròs amb Conill i Caragols (Arroz con Conejo y Serranas)

This is the rice of the dry, vine-and-almond interior of Alicante.

Alacant

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles (Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja)

Arroz de Monte del Valle del Ebro

Snails (caracoles, cargols) are a deep-rooted festival food along the Ebro. In La Rioja they are a Christmas Eve dish, still held in esteem in Haro.

Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles Catalán

Arròs amb Conill i Cargols

Rabbit and snails is a rice combination shared across eastern Spain's dry interiors, from the Alicante serrana rice to Aragón.

Cataluña

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Conejo y Caracoles Murciano

Arroz con Conejo y Serranas

Murcian sources describe rice cooked "a la lumbre" (over an open wood fire) as one of the pillars of the region's cooking, and rabbit with snails as the classic version.

Región de Murcia

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz con Costra

Arròs amb Crosta (Arroz y Costra)

Arroz con costra is one of the oldest documented rices in Spain. Elche and Orihuela both claim it. The Oriolan tradition places an early recipe in the Convento de la Santísima Trinidad de Orihuela.

Alacant

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz con Galeras y Alcachofas

Arròs amb Galeres i Carxofes

The galera (Squilla mantis, mantis shrimp) is the winter jewel of the Vinaròs and Benicarló trawler fleets. Its sweet, lobster-like flesh is hard to extract, so it is ideal for flavouring stock.

Castelló

Meloso · creamyOlla

Arroz con Habas Peladas

Arròs amb Fava Pelà (Fava Pelada)

Alacant

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz con Hígado de Toro

Arròs amb Fetge de Bou

This is an offal rice: liver, sweetbread (molleja), heart and entrañas of a bull, stretched with chickpeas and a large amount of escarole.

València · Alacant

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz con Leche

Arròs amb Llet / Arroz con Leche Requemado

Rice cooked in sweetened milk is one of the oldest rice preparations in Spain.

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco · Comunidad de Madrid · València

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz con Liebre

Arroz Meloso de Liebre (La Mancha y Extremadura)

The hare (liebre) is the prized small game of the open cereal plains of La Mancha and the Extremaduran dehesa.

Castilla-La Mancha y Extremadura

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Magra, Costillejas y Verduras

Arroz Huertano Murciano

The Huerta de Murcia is the irrigated plain of the Segura, watered by Andalusi channels (acequias and azarbes).

Región de Murcia

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz con Mariscos y Pescados de Candamo

Arroz de Grullos

An Asturian seafood rice built on the Cantabrian catch: andaricas (velvet crabs, nécoras), cigalas, clams and prawns, with pixín (Asturian for monkfish), squid and congrio (conger).

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Meloso · creamyOlla

Arroz con Miel de Bogarra

Arroz con Miel Navideño (Sierra de Albacete)

In the remote mountain villages of the Albacete Sierra, honey from rosemary and thyme hives was the traditional sweetener. The RENC records an arroz con miel eaten at Christmas in Bogarra.

Castilla-La Mancha y Extremadura

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz con Pata de Ternera

Arròs amb Pota de Vedella

This is a working-class Alicante city classic and a winter rice. It uses the cheapest, most gelatin-rich cut, the calf's foot, together with chickpeas, botifarra de ceba (onion sausage) and chorizo.

Alacant

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Pato

Arròs amb Ànec (Arròs d'Ànec de l'Albufera)

L'Albufera is Europe's most important wintering wetland for ducks, and from October to January the tirades (regulated hunting days) traditionally supplied wild duck (collverd mallard, sivert teal, bragat) to the villages of the lake.

València

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz con Pava (Pavo)

Arròs amb Titot

La Vega Baja has a long tradition of raising Spanish Black turkeys. In Almoradí the bird is finished on feed laced with wine, giving the famous pava borracha ("drunk turkey"), whose meat is richer and more marbled.

Alacant

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz con Perdiz

Arroz Caldoso de Perdiz (Sierras de Jaén y Córdoba)

The red-legged partridge (perdiz roja) is the defining small game of the dehesa and the olive-grove sierras, and partridge hunting is a centuries-old social ritual in Jaén.

Andalucía · Castilla-La Mancha y Extremadura

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz con Pitu de Caleya

Arroz con Pitu

The pitu de caleya is a free-range rooster or chicken that roams the caleyas. It is slaughtered at about a year old, while farm chickens barely reach two months. It now has a quality label, Pitu de Caleya.

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Rape y Gamba Roja

Arròs amb Rap i Gamba Roja

A modern Alicante classic in the "Ciudad del Arroz" canon.

Alacant

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz con Sepia y Alcachofas

Arròs amb Sépia i Carxofa

This is the classic winter mar i muntanya of the Valencian coast. Cuttlefish from the inshore boats is paired with artichoke from the huerta, whose season (November to April) overlaps with cuttlefish's best months.

València · Castelló

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz Cortijero de Jaén

Arroz Cortijero (Country-Estate Rice)

A rice of the olive-grove cortijos of Jaén, the world's largest olive-oil-producing province.

Andalucía

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz de Ayuno de Calasparra

Arroz de Vigilia con Bacalao

Calasparra has grown rice since at least the 14th century. In 1986 its rice became the first rice in the world to receive a Denominación de Origen, and the first non-wine D.O. in Spain.

Región de Murcia

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz de Boquerones y Espinacas

Arròs amb Espinacs i Aladrocs

A thrifty sea and huerta rice. The two cheapest things a coastal family could buy were a handful of fresh anchovies and a bunch of winter spinach.

Alacant · València

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz de la Plana

Arròs de la Plana (Paella de l'Horta Castellonenca)

La Plana is Castellón's irrigated coastal plain, transformed in the 19th and 20th centuries into a sea of orange groves, with vegetable huertas in between.

Castelló

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz de Langosta Menorquín

Arròs de Llagosta (Fornells)

The caldereta de llagosta (spiny lobster stew) began as a fishermen's dish cooked in a caldero on their own boats.

Islas Baleares

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz de las Riberas del Turia

Arròs de les Riberes del Túria

In the 17th and 18th centuries Sénia rice was grown along the Túria by royal order, especially in Riba-roja, until a plague wiped out the crop and rice farming disappeared there. Oranges later took over the huerta.

València

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz de los Tres Puñaos

Arroz de Vigilia (Arroz Clarico de Vigilia)

This is the Vega Baja's great Lent (Cuaresma) and vigil rice: a meatless dish of the poor huerta. Its name comes from the measuring system.

Alacant

Caldoso · brothyOlla

Arroz de Matanza Ibicenco

Arròs de Matances (Eivissa)

On Ibiza the winter matances (pig slaughter) supplied the year's protein, mainly through cured sausages such as sobrassada and botifarró. The rice made on slaughter day used the fresh meat.

Islas Baleares

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz de Montaña Catalán

Arròs de Muntanya (Cerdanya, Terres de Lleida)

High in the Pyrenees, rice was a bought luxury and the protein came from the farm and the forest.

Cataluña

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz de Montaña de Castellón

Arròs de Muntanya (amb Conill, Caragols i Bolets)

The Castellón interior is a high, cold, sparsely populated land of masías, livestock and hunting.

Castelló

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz de Pals a la Cazuela

Arròs de Pals a la Cassola (Empordà)

Rice has a long and interrupted history in Pals. A Catalan study dates the town's rice mill to 1452.

Cataluña

Caldoso · brothyCaldero

Arroz de Renda

Arròs de Renda

A humble inland-Marina rice of snails, lima beans and red pepper, with almost no oil (½ tablespoon for four people).

Alacant

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz de Ribera del Delta del Ebro

Arròs de Ribera (Arròs a Banda del Delta, amb Ànec i Anguila)

The Ebro Delta is Catalonia's rice bowl, protected by the D.O.P. Arròs del Delta de l'Ebre.

Cataluña

Caldoso · brothyCaldero

Arroz de Trilla

Arròs de Batre

Alacant

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz de Verduras de la Vega Baja

Arroz de Verano (con Habas y Alcachofas)

La Vega Baja is the irrigated floodplain of the River Segura. It is one of Europe's oldest continuously farmed huertas, irrigated by Andalusi acequias and azarbes, and it is famous for the Alcachofa de la Vega Baja.

Alacant

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz del Pedrón de Parayo

Arroz de San Pedro con Anguilas y Cangrejos

A rice of friendship and of San Pedro (29 June). In the 1940s–50s, says the RENC source, a group of friends met by the Pedrón de Parayo to talk and rest from their daily work.

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz del Señorito

Arròs del Senyoret

"Senyoret" means "little gentleman" or "young master". Everything in this rice comes already peeled, cleaned and boned, so the diner never has to touch a shell.

Alacant · València

Seco · dryCassola

Arroz Empedrado

Arròs Empedrat

"Empedrat" means "cobbled" or "paved with stones". The name refers to the white beans dotting the surface of the rice like cobblestones.

València

Meloso · creamyCassola

Arroz Empedrao (Empedrado) Murciano

The Revista Española de Nutrición Comunitaria includes this dish in its 2022 survey of forgotten Spanish dishes.

Región de Murcia

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Marinero Andaluz

Arroz Caldoso Marinero (Málaga y Cádiz)

In Andalucía, rice by the sea is mostly eaten soupy: a fishermen's pot of rice, fish and shellfish built on a broth.

Andalucía

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Marinero Balear

Arròs de Peix (Caldós de Pescadors)

As on the Valencian and Murcian coasts, Balearic fishermen boiled the unsold catch with potatoes and saffron and then cooked rice in the broth.

Islas Baleares

Meloso · creamyPaella

Arroz Meloso de Pulpo

Arròs Melós de Polp (i Arròs amb Polp Sec)

Octopus (polp, Octopus vulgaris) is caught with pots and traps by the artisanal fleets of Santa Pola, Dénia and Xàbia.

Alacant

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz Negro

Arròs Negre

Arròs negre has been documented in Valencia since at least the 17th century. It is the fishermen's response to cuttlefish (sepia) and squid (calamar), whose ink sacs were too valuable as flavour to throw away.

València · Alacant · Castelló

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz Negro Catalán

Arròs Negre de l'Empordà

Barcelona Turisme lists "Arròs negre de l'Empordà" among its Catalan classics. The Catalan version has the same base as the Valencian arròs negre: cuttlefish or squid, fish stock and ink, served with allioli.

Cataluña

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz Rossejat

Arrossejat (L'Ametlla de Mar)

L'Ametlla de Mar's Diada de l'Arrossejat has run for about 40 years. Around fifty amateur cooks compete for prizes, and the festival champions the dish as heritage "born on the fishing boats".

Cataluña

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz Sucio Mallorquín

Arròs Brut

In Mallorcan Catalan, brut means "dirty". The name refers to the murky broth coloured by the spices: cinnamon, pimentón, saffron, pepper, and in some versions clove and nutmeg.

Islas Baleares

Caldoso · brothyOlla

Arroz y Gatet (Arroz con Pintarroja)

Arròs amb Gatet

The gatet (small catshark, Spanish pintarroja) was a low-value bycatch of the Santa Pola trawlers. Like the morralla of the caldero, it fed fishing families rather than going to market.

Alacant

Caldoso · brothyOlla

Arroz y Habichuelas

Arroz con Habichuelas Murciano

The Murcian huerta's equivalent of the Valencian arròs amb fesols i naps and of the Vega Baja's tres puñaos.

Región de Murcia

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz y Pollo con Alcaciles

Arroz Huertano de Pollo y Alcachofas

Región de Murcia

Seco · dryPaella

Arroz y Verduras con Bacalao

Arroz Huertano de Verduras (Murcia)

A huerta vegetable rice with a characteristic Murcian touch: salt cod that is toasted on the griddle (asado a la plancha hasta tostarlo) and shredded, not soaked into the base.

Región de Murcia

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Arroz, Col y Alubias

Arròs, Col i Fesols (Delta de l'Ebre)

The Ebro Delta concentrates most of Catalonia's rice cultivation. This is its everyday winter pot: rice, cabbage and white beans with a little salt pork.

Cataluña

Meloso · creamyCaldero

Caldero de Santa Pola y Tabarca

Caldero Santapolero i Tabarquí

The caldero is the "mother" of arroz a banda. It is a two-service fishermen's meal cooked in a single iron pot.

Alacant

Meloso · creamyCassola

Cardillos con Arroz

Tagarninas con Arroz

Castilla-La Mancha y Extremadura · Andalucía

Meloso · creamyCassola

Chanfaina Salmantina

Arroz de Chanfaina

Castilla y León

Seco · dryCassola

Chipirones en su Tinta con Arroz Blanco

Txipiroiak Bere Tintan Arroz Zuriarekin

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Caldoso · brothyCassola

Colas de Cordero con Arroz

Guiso de Colas de Viernes Santo

On Good Friday, shepherds escodaban, docking the tails of the ewes kept for breeding. The tails became a stew.

Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja

Meloso · creamyCassola

Escudilla de Ángel

Escudella d'Àngel (Arroz con Leche Mallorquín Antiguo)

"Angel's bowl" was a prestigious Mallorcan festive sweet, "muy celebrada, especialmente para los días de fiesta". It was first recorded in the 18th century and was usual until the mid-20th century.

Islas Baleares

Seco · dryPaella

Fideuá

Fideuà de Gandia

The dish is dated to the first quarter of the 20th century, and the usual story places it on a Gandia fishing boat called the Santa Isabel.

València

Seco · dryCassola

Lamprea a la Bordelesa con Arroz

Lamprea á Bordelesa con Arroz (Arbo)

The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is a jawless fish of prehistoric lineage. It swims up the Miño to spawn in winter and spring ("hasta que cante el cuco", until the cuckoo sings).

Norte: Galicia, Asturias, Cantabria y País Vasco

Caldoso · brothyOlla

Olla de Benicarló (con Arroz)

Olla de Benicarló amb Arròs

Castellón's iconic winter dish is the olla de la Plana, a bean-and-vegetable stew.

Castelló

Seco · dryPaella

Paella a la Riojana

Arroz a la Riojana

La Rioja has a popular "paella riojana" culture of fiestas and cuadrillas, and a lively debate about chorizo.

Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja

Seco · dryPaella

Paella con Albóndigas

Paella amb Mandonguilles (Pilotetes)

A southern-Valencian festive paella in which small meatballs (mandonguilles or pilotetes) join the rabbit and chicken. In winter they come with artichoke and garrofó.

València

Seco · dryPaella

Paella de Cebolla y Bacalao

Paella amb Ceba i Alls Secs (i Bacallà)

A pared-down fast-day paella: a lot of thinly sliced onion, unpeeled dried garlic, and soaked, flaked salt cod.

València

Seco · dryPaella

Paella de Costillas y Coliflor

Paella de Costelletes i Col-i-flor

A winter paella of the pig-and-cabbage season. Pork ribs and a piece of pork liver are browned with cauliflower florets (and optional alls tendres) until the cauliflower takes colour.

València

Seco · dryPaella

Paella de Marisco

Paella de Marisc

The seafood version took hold as paella moved from the fields to the coast.

València · Alacant · Castelló

Seco · dryPaella

Paella de Verduras

Paella de Verdures (Paella d'Estiu i Paella d'Hivern)

Before tourism and refrigeration, the Valencian paella followed the huerta calendar.

València · Alacant

Seco · dryPaella

Paella Mixta

de Carn i Marisc

The usual account links it to the 1960s–70s tourism boom.

València

Seco · dryPaella

Paella Valenciana

Arròs a la valenciana

The paella valenciana was born as a field-worker's midday meal in the rice-growing marshes around L'Albufera, which have been cultivated since Andalusi irrigation (the séquies) reached their full extent.

València

Meloso · creamyCassola

Perol Cordobés

Arroz de Perol (Día de San Rafael)

In Córdoba "perol" means three things at once: the pot, the rice dish cooked in it, and the outdoor gathering around it. Its great day is 24 October, San Rafael.

Andalucía

Caldoso · brothyOlla

Potaje Bañezano (Garbanzos con Arroz)

Potaje de La Bañeza

A meatless pot of chickpeas and rice, finished with a sofrito of spring onion and paprika poured over at the end.

Castilla y León

Seco · dryCassola

Txuritabeltz (Relleno Navarro y Sangrecilla)

Txuri-Beltz

Aragón, Navarra y La Rioja