Arròs
English
EnglishEspañolCatalà / Valenciàไทย

Recipe · 4 min read

Arroz Empedrado

Arròs Empedrat

Seco · dry Cooked in Cassola València

⚠️ Source-confidence note: this dish is well known in Valencian home cooking (L'Horta, La Ribera), but few verified recipes are online. My searches mostly returned the unrelated Catalan empedrat (a cold cod-and-bean salad). The variations below reflect common Valencian household practice. Cross-check them against a local cookbook, and treat the reference links as technique references.

01Geographic & Texture Profile

  • Primary Geographic Zone: L'Horta de València and La Ribera Alta/Baixa. A Lenten (Quaresma) dish.
  • Liquid & Texture Profile: Seco (dry). Baked or paella-finished, loose grains studded with beans.
  • Traditional Cooking Vessel & Fuel: A clay cassola in the baker's oven (like arròs al forn), or a paella over wood.

02Historical & Cultural Context

"Empedrat" means "cobbled" or "paved with stones". The name refers to the white beans dotting the surface of the rice like cobblestones. It is the Lenten equivalent of arròs al forn: the pork and sausage are replaced with salt cod (bacallà), which was the inland Catholic household's fasting protein. Beans, tomato, garlic, potato and parsley complete it. In Valencia it is traditional on Fridays in Lent and on Good Friday (Divendres Sant), when a whole head of garlic often sits in the centre as in arròs al forn.

Culinary science: desalting salt cod (36–48 h with water changes) rehydrates the myofibrillar proteins. Frying the flaked cod briefly in the oil before the tomato releases the gelatinous juices that bind the rice. Pre-cooked beans add starch without needing broth, so the bean-cooking liquid is the ideal cooking stock.

03Local Town-by-Town Variations

  • The L'Horta Style: Oven-baked in a cassola. Cod, white beans, tomato halves on top, a whole head of garlic in the centre, potato rounds. Pebre roig. Broth from the bean liquid.
  • The La Ribera Style: Cooked in a paella. Garrofó is sometimes used instead of white beans, and spinach or chard is often added.
  • The Marina Alta echo: Cod + cauliflower or pebrot (pepper), close to the Alicante arròs amb bacallà i coliflor.

04The Master Recipe (4-Person Batch Blueprint)

Variant represented: L'Horta (oven, cassola).

The Flavor Base (El Fondo)

Ingredient Quantity
Salt cod, desalted 36–48 h, flaked 250 g
Cooked white beans 300 g
Bean cooking liquid (or water) 800 ml
Olive oil 80 ml
Garlic: 1 whole head + 2 cloves minced —
Ripe tomato: 1 grated + 1 halved 250 g total
Potato, 0.5 cm rounds 200 g
Pebre roig 3 g
Parsley, chopped 1 tbsp
Saffron 0.2 g

Extraction: Fry the potato rounds and set aside. Fry the halved tomato and the whole garlic head and set aside. Fry the minced garlic, add the cod for 1 min, then the pebre roig (5 s) and the grated tomato (4 min). Add the parsley.

Assembly Ratios

Element Quantity
Short-grain rice 400 g
Hot bean liquid 800 ml (2:1)
Oven 230–240 °C

Step-by-Step Cooking Blueprint

  1. Preparation: Desalt the cod, cook the beans and preheat the oven.
  2. Toasting: Add the rice to the cod sofrito in the cassola and toast for 2 min. Add the beans.
  3. Assembly: Garlic head in the centre, tomato halves and potato rounds on top.
  4. Liquid Addition: Boiling bean liquid with saffron. Check the salt: the cod carries salt, so taste before adding more.
  5. Oven: 18–20 min.
  6. Finish/Resting Phase: Rest 5 min.

Baked & crust rices: Finished in the oven (or under embers): the leftover-cocido logic, sometimes sealed with egg.

Empedrado ('cobbled') rices: Rice studded with beans like cobblestones; Valencian and Murcian versions differ.

Lent & vigil rices: Meatless rices of Cuaresma and fast days: legumes, greens and salt cod.